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Record Heatwave Sweeps Across Northern India
India is reeling from one of the most intense heatwaves in recent years. Throughout the first two weeks of June 2025, temperatures in several northern states—including Delhi, Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab, and Uttar Pradesh—have crossed the 40°C mark, with some regions recording highs of 45°C or more. This scorching heatwave has brought not only discomfort but also serious implications for public health, energy consumption, and agriculture.
According to the India Meteorological Department (IMD), the national capital Delhi witnessed its hottest day of the season on June 12, with temperatures hitting 45.8°C at Safdarjung observatory. Rajasthan’s Phalodi, known for past heat records, registered a sweltering 47.1°C, making it the hottest location in India so far this year.
Rising Health Concerns
Hospitals across the northern belt have reported a sharp increase in heat-related illnesses, including heat strokes, dehydration, and exhaustion. Emergency rooms are on alert, and advisories have been issued to citizens to stay hydrated and avoid unnecessary outdoor exposure during peak sunlight hours.
The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has instructed state governments to ensure availability of ORS packets, drinking water facilities at public spaces, and sufficient medical staff to handle rising outpatient cases.
Heatwaves have historically caused thousands of deaths in India, and while improved awareness and infrastructure have reduced the toll in recent years, vulnerable groups such as the elderly, children, and outdoor workers remain at risk.
Surge in Power Demand
With air conditioners and coolers running at full capacity, electricity demand has soared to record highs. On June 13, Delhi alone consumed over 8000 MW of electricity, the highest ever recorded in the capital’s history. Similar spikes were seen in Lucknow, Jaipur, and Chandigarh.
This increased demand has put pressure on the power grid. Although authorities have managed to avoid major blackouts, temporary load shedding was reported in parts of Uttar Pradesh and Haryana. States have urged citizens to conserve electricity and use energy-efficient appliances wherever possible.
The Ministry of Power has directed thermal and hydropower plants to operate at maximum capacity, while also pushing for backup generation through renewable sources.
Impact on Agriculture and Water
The prolonged heat has begun to affect agricultural activities. Farmers in Punjab and Haryana are reporting crop stress in paddy and sugarcane fields due to low soil moisture. With reservoirs running low and groundwater levels falling, irrigation becomes challenging, especially for small-scale farmers who rely on borewells.
In Rajasthan, local authorities have reported water scarcity in rural villages. Tankers have been deployed in desert districts to supply drinking water. The government is also preparing contingency plans for fodder and livestock support.
Government Measures and Forecast
To combat the situation, the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) has released fresh guidelines to help cities and towns prepare better. These include:
- Creating shaded waiting areas at bus stops
- Installing water booths at major markets and railway stations
- Delaying school opening hours and allowing dress code relaxations
- Encouraging remote working in high-temperature zones
The IMD has forecast partial relief starting June 17, as a low-pressure area over the Bay of Bengal may bring light rain showers to parts of North India. However, full relief is only expected when the monsoon moves northward in late June.
The Bigger Climate Picture
Experts say such heatwaves are no longer anomalies but part of a growing climate pattern. According to a 2025 study by the Centre for Climate Research, India will experience more frequent and longer heatwaves in the coming decades due to global warming.
Dr. Meera Joshi, a climate scientist at IIT Delhi, said, “Urban heat islands, deforestation, and rapid construction are intensifying the effects of global temperature rise. Cities like Delhi must invest in sustainable cooling systems, green cover, and heat action plans.”
Conclusion
The ongoing heatwave across northern India is a stark reminder of the country’s vulnerability to extreme weather events. While the government’s proactive steps and citizen awareness have reduced the worst outcomes, long-term strategies are needed to build resilience against rising temperatures.
As India awaits the arrival of the cooling monsoon, the focus remains on public health, energy stability, and water management to survive the blazing summer of 2025.
